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Understanding Dry Eye Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms, and Management
Dry Eye Syndrome (DES), also known as keratoconjunctivitis sicca, is a common ocular condition that affects millions worldwide. It occurs when the eyes fail to produce enough tears or when the tears evaporate too quickly, leading to discomfort and potential damage to the ocular surface. While often overlooked, dry eye can significantly impact daily life, causing irritation, blurred vision, and a persistent feeling of grittiness in the eyes.
Causes of Dry Eye Syndrome
Several factors contribute to the development of dry eye. Age is a major factor, as tear production tends to decrease over time, making older adults more susceptible. Hormonal changes, especially in postmenopausal women, can also reduce tear production. Environmental conditions such as wind, smoke, air conditioning, and prolonged screen exposure exacerbate tear evaporation. Certain medications, including antihistamines, antidepressants, and diuretics, can further reduce tear volume. Additionally, underlying medical conditions…